Leser-Trélat sign is a rare dermatological phenomenon characterized by the sudden and rapid development of multiple seborrheic keratoses, which are benign skin tumors, often associated with the development or exacerbation of an underlying malignancy. Here are some key points about Leser-Trélat sign:
Causes:
- Leser-Trélat sign is typically considered a paraneoplastic syndrome, which means it is associated with an underlying cancer. The most commonly associated malignancies are adenocarcinomas, particularly of the gastrointestinal tract, such as stomach, colon, or pancreas. However, it can also be linked to other cancer types.
Appearance:
- The hallmark feature of Leser-Trélat sign is the sudden and rapid appearance of multiple seborrheic keratoses, which are typically small, brown to black, raised, and wart-like growths on the skin. These growths are benign and usually do not cause any symptoms.
- In addition to seborrheic keratoses, patients may also experience other dermatological manifestations, such as pruritus (itching), redness, and scaling of the skin.
Treatment:
- The primary approach to managing Leser-Trélat sign is to identify and treat the underlying malignancy. The specific treatment plan will depend on the type and stage of the cancer and may involve surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or other modalities as determined by an oncologist.
- While the seborrheic keratoses themselves are benign and don’t require treatment for their own sake, they may be removed for cosmetic reasons or if they cause discomfort or irritation.
- It’s essential for individuals who develop Leser-Trélat sign to consult a healthcare professional promptly for a thorough evaluation to determine the underlying cancer and initiate appropriate treatment.
Due to the strong association with cancer, Leser-Trélat sign is considered a serious dermatological finding and should be taken seriously. It underscores the importance of regular medical check-ups and screenings, especially for individuals at higher risk for certain types of malignancies.
